- Người sáng lập IOG Charles Hoskinson đã giải quyết tình trạng cúp nút hai phút trên mạng Cardano vào ngày 22 tháng 1 năm 2023.
- Hoskinson đã thảo luận về sự cân bằng giữa phòng ngừa và phục hồi trong các hệ thống phân tán để bối cảnh hóa sự xuất hiện bất thường.
- Nguyên nhân gốc rễ của sự cố vẫn đang được điều tra. Input Output Global (IOG) đã tuyên bố rằng sự bất thường không phải là một mối quan tâm và sản xuất khối đó chỉ bị ảnh hưởng một thời gian ngắn.
On Tuesday, January 23rd, 2023, Cardano (ADA) and IOG founder Charles Hoskinson tweeted a video in which he hosted a ‘whiteboard session’ to address the two-minute node outage that occurred on Cardano on January 22nd.
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Phòng chống so với phục hồi trong hệ thống phân phối [Bảng trắng] https://t.co/BbrApJdhfL
– Charles Hoskinson (@IOHK_Charles) Tháng một 23, 2023
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Trước sự cố ngắt nút xảy ra trên blockchain Cardano vào ngày 22 tháng 1, 60% các nút chuyển sang offline một thời gian ngắn, Hoskinson nhận định rằng đó là “một chút chớp nhỏ, mặc dù nó không phải là một chớp nhỏ”, và trấn an cộng đồng Cardano rằng “thành thật mà nói, đây không phải là một vấn đề lớn” và “nó thậm chí không có bất kỳ tác động nào cả”.
Một sự cân bằng của phòng ngừa và phục hồi
In the 23-minute video, Hoskinson delves deep into the balance between prevention and recovery in distributed systems, stating:
"The more complexity that you introduce, the more probability that the system, at any given time, is going to have some bad cells, and the system has to purge those bad cells, especially as you scale it."
Hoskinson highlights that in any “good distributed system,” there has to be a balance of prevention and recovery and opines that the Cardano ecosystem is experiencing “a very natural growing pain in distributed systems design.” He further states that “the very fact that we [Cardano] were able to recover in under two minutes is a good indication that there is a nice balance of these features inside the system between prevention and recovery given the ‘demons’ we face.”
Một Catch-22 của các biện pháp phòng ngừa
According to the network’s founder, Cardano could have taken additional preventative measures to narrow or prevent the possibility of issues arising. He explained how these preventative measures could have included the following “trade-offs:”
- Reducing the set of people in operation: Transitioning the Cardano blockchain from a permissionless to a permissioned network, thereby increasing the number of people participating in consensus.
- Optimizing throughput: Potential optimization of accessibility to the general public at the price of speed and performance, thereby unlocking a new layer of byzantine attacks that can occur.
- Removing byzantine actors: Increasing the speed and performance of the network by decreasing the volume of faulty nodes that can cause congestion.
These efforts, as stated by Hoskinson, would mean that the network would have a greater degree of centralization – the opposite of what Cardano has evolved into.
The Cardano Node Outage – A Transient Anomaly
The brief outage of Cardano nodes occurred on January 22nd, 2023, as approximately 50% of all active relay and block-producing nodes disconnected for a short period before restarting without intervention.
Input Output Global (IOG) claimed that the anomaly was not a concern since block production was only impacted briefly, and the network unsynced momentarily before most nodes automatically recovered. The root cause of the outage is still under research.
The Cardano blockchain has not experienced an outage in five years and automatically recovered affected nodes with minimal downtime. The swift recovery after the node outage reflects the detailed methodology behind the development of the Cardano blockchain.
On the Flipside
- Hoskinson stated that Cardano has factors that need to be considered regarding its failure and recovery model.
- Since the node outage on January 22nd, Cardano (ADA) prices have not seen any dramatic changes, from trading at a high of $0.38 USD on the day of the outage to a price of $0.35 at the time of writing.
Why You Should Care
The Cardano node outage, albeit brief and with no major implications on the network, indicates the “natural growing pains” of the distributed system, according to Hoskinson. These issues are inescapable as the volume of transactions increases and computational complexity grows.
The resilience of prevention and recovery protocols is imperative to ensuring the safety of funds on the network.
Read more about the Cardano node outage:
